每周一練:一般現在時
來源:智康1對1 2015-02-09 19:02:00
一般現在時
1.基本結構
肯定形式:
①be動詞:am/is/are
②行為動詞:動詞原形、第三人稱單數。
否定形式:
①am/is/are+not
②don't/doesn't+動詞原形+……
一般疑問句:
①把be動詞放于句首
②Do/Does+…+動詞原形+…?
特殊疑問句:
特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句
2.一般現在時的第三人稱單數的構成:
動詞特征 |
變化 |
例詞 |
一般動詞 |
詞尾加-s |
look- looks find- finds |
以s, x, ch, sh或o結尾 |
詞尾加-es |
watch- watches, |
以“輔音字母+y”結尾 |
變y為i再加-es |
fly- flies, apply- applies |
3.基本用法:
①表示經常性或習慣性的動作,常與表示頻度的時間狀語連用。時間狀語有:always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays等。
例:I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
②表示客觀真理,客觀存在或科學事實,以及格言或名言警句中。如:
The earth moves around the sun.
Shanghai lies in the east of China.
Failure is the mother of success. 失敗乃成功之母。
③表示愛好、能力、性格、個性。
I like Chinese food.
I don't want so much.
Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.
4. 特殊用法
①一般現在時代替將來時
1. 時間狀語從句、條件狀語從句用一般現在時代替將來時。如:when, before, after, till, once, as soon as, if, in case (that), unless,等。
He is going to visit her aunt the day he arrives in Beijing. 他一到北京,就去看他姨媽。I will call you as soon as I go back home. 我一到家就給你電話。
注:1. 可以代替as soon as表示一……就的詞語:the moment、the minute、immediately、instantly
2. 主句部分除了用一般將來時,還可以用祈使句以及情態動詞
例:If you have any problem, please contact me. (主祈從現)
If you have any problem, you can contact me.(主情從現)
3. not…until用法總結:
A. sb didn't do sth until sb did sth.
I didn't go home until I finished my homework yesterday. 我昨天直到完成作業才回家
B. sb won't do sth until sb do/does sth.(主將從現)
I won't leave until you come tomorrow. 我明天會直到你過來才會離開。
練習:翻譯下面的句子
1. 昨天修理完桌椅后,我們才回家。
2. 有時候,直到珍貴的時刻成為了回憶,你才會真正認識到它的價值所在。
2.用于表示較固定的,按計劃、規定將要發生的動作,但只限于begin, come, go, leave, arrive, stop, return, close, open, take, start, take place 等少數動作。
例:The train leaves Beijing at six and arrives at Jinan at nine.
②一般現在時代替進行時
句型:Here comes… ; There goes…
例:Look, here comes Mr. Li.
There goes the bell.
練一練
1.觀察下列例句,將序號填入對應用法之后的空白欄中
① All the living things on the earth depend on the sun.
②The plane takes off at 5:00 a.m.
③ Unless it rains tomorrow, the sports meet will take place.
④Our teacher told us the earth goes round the sun.
⑤He sometimes stay up till midnight to catch up with others.
⑥We always care for each other and help each other.
⑦She is a teacher.
⑧ -Do you sing? -A little.
一般用法 |
現在習慣或經常反復發生的動作或存在的狀態,常與usually, always, seldom, often, frequently, every day等時間狀語連用 |
主語現在的特征,性格和狀態 |
|
客觀規律,正確事實或科學真理,格言以及其他不受時間限制的客觀存在 |
|
特殊用法 |
“主將從現”:主要用在條件從句(if和unless等)和時間狀語從句(when, as soon as, before, after, until和by the time等)中,表示將來的動作。(注意:從句也可視情況用現在完成時,主句可視語境用將來任意時態) |
“時刻表”:安排,或計劃要做的動作(有時間狀語)限于begin, come, leave, go, arrive, open, start, stop, close, return 等一類短暫性動詞。 |
2.翻譯練習
①他并不總是在6點鐘下班,有時他會工作到7點。
②機會總是青睞有準備的人。___________________________________________________________________________
③如果她來看我,我會很高興。________________________________________________________________
④他經常把他的業余時間花在閱讀上。
___________________________________________________________________
⑤實踐出真知。
_____________________________________________________________________
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