2011暑假必備寶典之高一英語知識點總結Unit5-6(10)

　　7. call for, call on, call up

　　  (1) call for

　　  ① 來找(某人)；來取(某物) I'll call for you at your house.

　　  ②要求；需要Success in school calls for much hard work.

　　  (2) call on

　　  ① call on / upon sb. 拜訪；去會(某人) I hope to call on you at your office at 3 o’clock today.

　　  ② call on / upon sb. to do sth. 請／叫某人做某事He called upon me to speak immediately.

　　  ③ 號召；呼吁；要求 The President called on his people to serve the country.

　　  (3) call up

　　  ① 給……打電話 (英 ring up) I tried to call you up last night, but no one answered the phone.

　　  ② 征召入役；調用 (后備部隊) Three boys in our street were called up last week.

　　8. too much, much too

　　  (1) too much “太多”之意，可以作形容詞，修飾不可數  名詞，也可作副詞，修飾動詞。 There is too much rain here in spring. / She talked too much at the meeting.

　　  (2) much too “簡直太，過于”，只能作副詞，用來修飾  形容詞或別的副詞，不能修飾動詞。This book is much too difficult for me. / The old man walks much too slowly.

　　9. custom, habit

　　  (1) custom 指傳統風俗、習俗，也可指生活習慣，后接不定式。They broke some of the old customs. / It is the custom in China to eat dumplings during the spring Festival.

　　  (2) habit 指個人生活習慣。“(有)養(yǎng)成……習慣”常

　　  用be in / fall into / get into / form / have the habit of doing sth. 句型；“戒掉……習慣”常用 give up / kick / break away from / get out of the habit of doing sth. 句型。It's easy to get into a bad habit but its hard to give it up. / The drug easily get one into the habit of smoking.

　　10. arise, rise, raise

　　  raise vt.“使……上升；升起；提高”等；

　　rise vi.“上升；升起”；

　　arise vi.“站起來(stand up)”，“起床(get up)”，rise和arise用作站起，起床都屬正式用法；arise主要表示“出現、發(fā)生”等意思。She raised her voice in anger. (抬高) The wind raised the fallen leaves from the ground. (刮起) The child rose from the ground and ran to his mother. (=The child raised himself from the ground and ran to his mother.) (爬起) She rises before it is light. (起床) Difficulties will arise as we do the work. (出現)

　　☆短語歸納☆

　　1. can't help doing sth. 禁不住做某事，不由得不做某事

　　  She couldn't hep smiling.

　　  [比較]

　　  (1) can't help but do 不得不……；不能不 When the streets are full of melting snow, you can't help but get your shoes wet.

　　  (2) cannot but 不能不，只能He could not but feel disappointed.

　　[歸納]

　　(1) help (sb.) (to) do sth. Help me get him back to bed at once. / By helping them we are helping save ourselves.

　　(2) help...with sth. 幫助……做某事 In those days he used to help her mother with her gardening.

　　  (3) help oneself / sb. to sth. 給自己 / 別人夾菜 / 拿煙

　　  等；擅自拿用 May I help you to some more vegetables?

　　  (4) help...in sth. 在……方面幫助某人 She offered to help Rose in the housekeeping when I am not here.

　　  (5) help out 幫忙 (做事；克服困難等) I've often helped Bob out when he's been a bit short of money.